What Are VPN Protocols? A Simple Guide

The Engine of Your VPN

A VPN protocol is the set of rules that determines how data is packaged and sent between your device and the VPN server. Think of it as the 'engine' of your VPN. The protocol you choose directly impacts your connection's speed, stability, and security.

The Most Common VPN Protocols

While there are many protocols, you will most often encounter these three in modern VPN apps:

• OpenVPN: For a long time, this was the industry standard. It's open-source, heavily audited, and very secure. It offers a great balance of speed and security but can sometimes be slower than newer options.
• IKEv2/IPsec: This protocol is known for its stability and speed, especially on mobile devices. It's excellent at re-establishing a connection if you switch between Wi-Fi and mobile data.
• WireGuard®: The newest major protocol. It uses modern cryptography and has a much smaller codebase, making it incredibly fast and very secure. Many top VPN providers are now adopting WireGuard as their default protocol.

Which Protocol Should You Use?

For most users, the 'Automatic' setting in the VPN app is the best choice. The app will select the best protocol for your network conditions. However, if you prioritize raw speed for activities like gaming, WireGuard is often the best manual choice. If you prioritize maximum proven security, OpenVPN remains a rock-solid option. Choosing a protocol is a key step after you decide to hide your IP address.